Pascal’s law is applied daily in hydraulic systems, such as in vehicle brakes, where a small force on the brake pedal is transmitted to multiply stopping force at the wheels. Other applications include hydraulic lifts at auto shops, hydraulic jacks for lifting heavy objects, and hydraulic presses used in manufacturing Hydraulic Brakes When you press the … Read more
Sustainable agriculture is a scientific approach to farming that focuses on producing food in a way that protects the environment, conserves natural resources, and improves the quality of life for farmers and society. With growing population, climate change, soil degradation, and water scarcity, there is an urgent need to adopt farming methods that are both … Read more
Here are 25 easy and impressive Chemistry Working Model ideas for Class 10 — all based on Class 10 NCERT chapters and perfect for science exhibitions. 1. Electrolysis of Water (Hydrogen & Oxygen Production) Graphite electrodes + battery + test tubes. 2. pH Scale & Universal Indicator Setup Acidic, neutral, basic solutions with color chart. … Read more
Here are 25 simple, creative, and easy Chemistry Working Model ideas for Class 9 — perfect for school exhibitions, project work, and practical demonstrations. 1. States of Matter Model Show solid–liquid–gas arrangement using balls, beads, and springs. 2. Water Purification Model DIY 3-layer filter: gravel, charcoal, sand + cotton. 3. Separation of Mixtures Filtration, sedimentation, … Read more
Here are 25 Chemistry Working Model Ideas for Class 11 — simple, practical, and perfect for school exhibitions. 1. Atomic Structure 3D Model Bohr model or quantum orbital shapes (s, p, d) with LEDs. 2. Periodic Table Working Model Interactive table with lights showing groups, periods, metals/non-metals. 3. Chemical Bonding (Ionic & Covalent Bonds) 3D … Read more
Here are 25 Chemistry Working Model Ideas for Class 12 — all practical, exhibition-friendly, and based on NCERT concepts 1. Electrolysis of Water – Hydrogen & Oxygen Production Working model showing how water splits into H₂ and O₂ using graphite electrodes. 2. Galvanic Cell (Daniell Cell) Working Model Demonstrate Zn–Cu cell, salt bridge, flow of … Read more
Concept / Principle: This project works on the principle of photoconductivity — using an LDR (Light Dependent Resistor).The LDR’s resistance decreases when light falls on it and increases in darkness.This change controls a transistor or relay circuit, which automatically turns ON the LED (street light) at night and OFF during the day. Main Concept:LDR senses … Read more
Concept / Principle: This model demonstrates how wind energy is converted into electrical energy using a wind turbine.When air (wind) blows on the blades, it makes them rotate — this rotation drives a DC motor (acting as a generator) that produces electric current to light up an LED bulb. Scientific Principle:Mechanical energy (rotation of turbine) … Read more
Concept / Principle: This model demonstrates the concept of global warming — how increased greenhouse gases (like CO₂, methane, etc.) trap heat in Earth’s atmosphere, raising the planet’s temperature.The rotating Earth represents our planet, and the LED lights + burning wooden sticks (or safe red LEDs) represent the rising heat and pollution from industries and … Read more
Concept / Principle: This project is based on infrared motion detection — it senses changes in infrared radiation (heat) caused by a moving object like a human body.When motion is detected, it activates an LED light and a buzzer, simulating a security or automatic light system. Scientific Principle: Infrared sensors detect IR radiation emitted by … Read more
Concept / Principle: This project demonstrates how solar energy can be converted into electrical energy using solar panels to power small household components like LED lights, fans, or a motor — showing the concept of renewable energy and sustainable living. Scientific Principle:Solar panels contain photovoltaic (PV) cells that convert sunlight (solar radiation) into electricity (DC … Read more
Concept / Principle: The hydraulic crane works on Pascal’s Law, which states: “Pressure applied to a confined fluid is transmitted equally in all directions.” When you push fluid (water) from one syringe, it transfers pressure through a tube to another syringe, causing movement — just like in real cranes that use hydraulic systems to lift … Read more
Concept / Principle: A geostationary satellite is a satellite that orbits the Earth once every 24 hours — the same time the Earth takes to rotate once on its axis.Because both rotate at the same rate in the same direction, the satellite appears stationary above one fixed point on Earth (like over India or the … Read more
This model demonstrates the laws (rules) of exponents in an interactive and visual way.Using a rotating wheel or disc system, each rotation reveals a different law of indices with an example — helping students easily understand how powers behave in multiplication, division, and powers of powers. Laws of Indices / Exponents: 1️⃣ Product Law:am×an=am+na^m \times … Read more
Concept: This interactive maths model helps students understand the surface area and volume of 3D geometric shapes like cube, cuboid, cylinder, cone, sphere, and pyramid.The LED light glows when you press the correct formula button for a given shape, and the buzzer alerts when it’s incorrect — turning a simple model into a fun learning … Read more