Hydropower is energy made from flowing water. When water flows down from a dam, it pushes turbines that create electricity. This energy is renewable, as water keeps flowing in rivers.
Hydropower gives steady power day and night, unlike solar or wind which depend on weather. It also helps with irrigation and flood control.
But building big dams can harm the environment and make people leave their homes. Even with such problems, hydropower is still very important for many countries.
It gives a lot of electricity without burning coal or oil, making it a clean energy source.
This electricity is carried through transmission lines supported by power poles to homes, factories, and cities.
Hydroelectricity is a clean, renewable source of energy.
Concept Explanation:
Hydroelectricity is generated by water stored at a height, which falls and spins a turbine connected to a generator (motor). This electricity is then transmitted through wires using power poles to homes and cities.
Step-by-Step Model Building:
1. Build the Dam & Mountain
- Create a mountain using layered cardboard or thermocol.
- Fix a plastic bottle or syringe at the top (water reservoir).
- Add a pipe or straw to let water flow down.
2. Install Turbine & Motor
- At the base of the mountain, fix a turbine blade (cut from bottle).
- Connect it to a DC motor. When water hits the turbine, it spins and rotates the motor shaft.
3. Generate & Show Power
- Connect the DC motor terminals to an LED bulb.
- Water flow spins the turbine → turns motor → LED glows.
4. Add Transmission Lines
- Create 3–4 power poles using skewers, paper straws, or sticks.
- Use thread, black wire, or thin wire to create transmission lines.
- Connect the end of the wire to a small cardboard house, showing electricity is reaching homes.
5. Decorate the Setup
- Paint the river with blue color.
- Add green paper for grass/trees.
- Use yellow LEDs for homes.
- Label: Dam, Turbine, Generator, Transmission Pole, Home, Water Source.