An electric circuit working model demonstrates how electricity flows through connected components and explains the difference between series and parallel circuits. It provides a clear understanding of basic electrical concepts and how circuits function in everyday devices.
Key Components of the Model:
- Power Source: A 9V battery or cell provides the electricity for the circuit.
- Wires: Insulated copper wires connect all components and allow current to flow.
- Bulbs or LEDs: Represent the load (devices powered by electricity).
- Switches: Control the flow of electricity in the circuit.
- Baseboard: A cardboard or wooden board holds the components securely.
How It Works(electric circuit ):
Series Circuit:
- Components (bulbs/LEDs) are connected one after another in a single loop.
- Electricity flows through each component in sequence.
- If one bulb burns out or a connection breaks, the entire circuit stops working.
- Characteristics:
- Current is the same through all components.
- Voltage is divided among the bulbs, so they may glow dimmer.
- Example: String lights or some old Christmas lights.
Parallel Circuit:
- Components are connected across multiple branches, each receiving electricity directly from the power source.
- If one bulb burns out, the others continue to work because each has its own independent path.
- Characteristics:
- Voltage across all branches is the same.
- Current is divided among the branches, depending on the resistance.
- Example: Home wiring systems.
Applications and Learning:
- Practical Insight: Explains why parallel circuits are used in homes (independence of devices) and why series circuits are used in specific cases (cost efficiency).
- Hands-On Learning: Encourages exploration of electrical principles like current, voltage, and resistance.
This working model effectively demonstrates the differences between series and parallel circuits, making it perfect for educational purposes and science projects.