Creating a 3D working model of the human respiratory system, including the lungs, with a human face and bone cover, is a fantastic way to demonstrate how the lungs function.
Here’s how you can create this model using white paper, colored paper, and balloons:
Materials Needed:
- White Paper: For the bone structure and face.
- Colored Paper: For the lungs (red or pink) and other respiratory parts.
- Balloons: To represent the lungs.
- Straws or Plastic Tubes: For the trachea and bronchi.
- Cardboard or Foam Board: For the base of the model.
- Scissors and Glue: For cutting and assembling the materials.
- Markers: For detailing and labeling.
- Elastic Bands: To secure the balloons to the tubes.
- Tape: To hold parts in place.
- Transparent Plastic Sheet: Optional, to show the inside working.
Step-by-Step Video Instructions:
1. Creating the Human Face and Bone Cover:
- Face Structure: Draw or print a simple outline of a human face on white paper. Cut it out and glue it onto a piece of cardboard for support. This will represent the front of the head.
- Bone Structure: Using white paper, cut out shapes to represent the ribs and sternum (breastbone). These will cover the lung area and give the appearance of a chest cavity.
2. Making the Lungs:
- Lung Shape: Cut out two lung shapes from colored paper (red or pink) to represent the left and right lungs. Ensure these are proportional to the face and ribcage.
- Balloons as Lungs: Attach the balloons to the lung shapes using glue. The balloons should be partially inflated so they can expand and contract to simulate breathing.
- Bronchi and Trachea: Use straws or plastic tubes to create the trachea (windpipe) and bronchi (branches leading to each lung). Connect the top of the trachea to the back of the face, where the nose/mouth would be.
- Connect Balloons: Insert the ends of the straws into the balloons (representing the bronchi) and secure them with elastic bands or tape.
3. Assembling the Model:
- Attach the Lungs: Position the lung shapes with the balloons attached behind the bone structure. Ensure they are visible through the ribs.
- Mount the Face: Place the face structure above the lungs, ensuring the trachea is connected correctly. Secure everything in place with glue or tape.
- Chest Cavity: Glue the rib structures onto the front of the model, covering the lung area but leaving some space to see the lungs beneath.
4. Making It Functional:
- Breathing Mechanism: Attach a third balloon to the bottom of the trachea straw. This balloon will act as a diaphragm. When you pull or push the diaphragm balloon, the lungs (balloons) will inflate and deflate, simulating breathing.
- Demonstration: When you pull down on the diaphragm balloon, the lung balloons will inflate, showing inhalation. When you push up, they deflate, showing exhalation.
5. Final Touches:
- Label the Parts: Use markers to label the parts of the respiratory system, including the trachea, bronchi, lungs, ribs, and diaphragm.
- Detailing: Add details to the face, such as eyes, nose, and mouth, to make the model more realistic.
- Optional Cover: If you want to protect the model, you can cover it with a transparent plastic sheet, allowing viewers to see inside.
This working model is not only educational but also visually engaging, making it a perfect project for a science exhibition.